Chickenpox:
Measles, also known as measles, is a highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). It usually affects children, but can also occur in adults who have not had the disease in the past or have not been vaccinated. Measles is characterized by a large, itchy, scaly rash that eventually crusts over. In this article, we explore all aspects of the flu, including its causes, symptoms, transmission, complications, treatment, and prevention.
1. Causes of chickenpox
Chickenpox often starts in the prodromal period; During this period, people may experience flu-like symptoms such as fever, migraine, fatigue, and desire for misfortune. This disease occurs within a few days, starting with small rashes that form liquid pustules.
An infected person can be contagious one to two days before the rash appears, until all the blisters have crusted over. Usually about 5 to 7 days after the rash appears. This disease can be spread through the air, which is spread through coughing or sneezing. When a person is infected with varicella zoster, the virus enters the body through the respiratory tract and spreads to the blood, causing an infection in the body.
2. Influenza symptoms
Measles often begins in the prodromal period; During this period, people may experience symptoms such as fever, migraine, fatigue and sad misfortune. After a few days, symptoms appear gradually, starting as small red bumps that develop as discharge.
Hives are very itchy and cause discomfort and sleepiness. Besides a rash, other symptoms of the flu include low-grade fever, sore throat and abdominal pain. The rash goes through several stages, starting with red dots, developing into fluid-filled blisters, and eventually turning into a rash. New blisters may appear for several days.
3. Measles infection
The main source of infection is respiratory droplets released when the patient coughs or sneezes. These droplets contain the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which can spread to people nearby.
This disease can be spread through direct contact with the fluid in the rash. It occurs when the patient scratches the blister and then touches another person or an object that someone else has touched. It can also be spread by airborne particles suspended in the air for a short time.
4. Complications of the flu
Although measles is usually mild, it can cause complications, especially in people at high risk, such as infants, pregnant women, the elderly, and people with compromised immune systems. Complications include skin infections such as impetigo or cellulitis, which can occur when the blisters are scratched and infected.
Pneumonia is another problem, especially in the elderly and those with weakened immune systems. Encephalitis, an inflammation of the brain, is a rare but serious complication that can lead to seizures, neurological disorders, and death. Other rare complications include hepatitis (liver disease), myocarditis (heart disease), and arthritis (joint disease). In rare cases, measles can also cause a serious and life-threatening condition called varicella pneumonia, which is characterized by lung inflammation.
5. Measles treatment
Measles is a disease that resolves itself in most cases without the need for specific treatment. But there are many things you can do to reduce the symptoms and prevent the problem. Over-the-counter medications (under medical supervision) such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen can be used to reduce fever and itching.
Children should avoid aspirin because of the risk of developing a rare but serious condition called Reye’s syndrome. Calamine lotion or antihistamines can be used to relieve itching. It is important to keep your skin clean and dry to avoid infection.
Cutting your nails short and wearing gloves or socks on your hands can help prevent scratching and reduce scarring. A cold shower or oatmeal bath can soothe the skin. Antiviral medications such as acyclovir or valacyclovir may be prescribed to reduce the severity and duration of symptoms in severe cases or individuals at high risk.
6. Prevention of influenza
The chickenpox vaccine is effective in preventing the disease or reducing its severity in case of an epidemic. It is usually given in two doses, one at 12 to 15 months of age and the second at 4 to 6 years of age. Vaccination not only protects people from the flu, but also reduces the risk of serious complications and helps control the spread of the disease in the community.
Vaccination is especially important for people who are at high risk of complications or colds and who are in close contact with vulnerable groups. For people who have not been vaccinated against chickenpox, chickenpox vaccine or varicella zoster immune globulin (VZIG) can be used regularly to reduce the severity of the disease. Isolation of sick people is also important to prevent the spread of the disease.
Infected persons should stay at home until all blisters have cleared and avoid contact with anyone who does not have the flu or measles. The risk of problems is high.
Conclusion
It is an itchy vesicular disease and is mostly spread by inhalation or direct contact. Although measles is usually mild, it can cause complications, especially in high-risk groups. Treatment focuses on reducing symptoms, and vaccination is the best way to prevent the flu and its complications.
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